In general I wouldn't expect them to slow down slow rendering, but they could slow down the loading of the ASS file. How many GBs of unused nodes are there?
In what sense are they unused? Are they shape nodes with visibility 0 ? Shaders that are not linked to any shape?
Also, you could spend time initializing nodes that are never actually rendered. For example, if you had hundreds of thousands of instances or procedurals positioned out of camera view.
Mostly thinking of shader nodes,etc.
This information helps, Thank you very much...